8.1 GRAMMAR: PAST AND MIXED CONDITIONALS

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začněte se učit

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otázka		odpověď
I think if any of us had used it, it would have felt really wrong. the past začněte se učit		had used; would have felt
If that had happened to me, I might not have jumped. the past začněte se učit		had happened; might not have jumped
I would have done the same thing. the past začněte se učit		would have done
If he hadn't jumped down there, the baby wouldn't be alive. the past and the present začněte se učit		hadn't jumped; wouldn't be
Do the sentences above refer to real or hypothetical situations? začněte se učit		All four sentences are hypothetical because the condition is always in the past so can't be changed.
Does each sentence refer to the past or to the past and the present? začněte se učit		1-3 refer to the past; 4 refers to the past and the present.
Sentence 3 has only one (result) clause. Why is it unnecessary to have a conditional clause? In the second text find another example of a result clause on its own. I would have done the same thing. začněte se učit		The conditional (if) clause is often not used if the condition is understood or obvious. Anybody would have done the same.
In the conditional clause use the (?) to talk about the hypothetical past. začněte se učit		In the conditional clause use the past perfect to talk about the hypothetical past.
In the result clause use: a) (?) + (?) + (?) to talk about the past. začněte se učit		In the result clause use: a) modal + have + past participle to talk about the past.
b) (?) + (?) to talk about the present. začněte se učit		b) modal + infinitive to talk about the present.
If they (be) more prepared when they set out that morning, he (not need) to risk his own life. A hiker saved two strangers lost on a snowing mountain by sharing his food and water with them and risking his own life. začněte se učit		If they had been more prepared when they set out that morning, he wouldn't have needed to risk his own life.
They (be) dead now if he (leave) them there. A hiker saved two strangers lost on a snowing mountain by sharing his food and water with them and risking his own life. začněte se učit		They would/might/could be dead now if he had left them there.

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