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bed
začněte se učit
no
It’s time to go to bed.
before a countable noun mentioned for the first time. This shows that the listener or the reader doesn’t know what we are referring to.
začněte se učit
a/an
I watched a car as it came up our road. The car stopped outside our house and a man got out.
before the name of many places (usually buildings) that we go to:
začněte se učit
the
the cinema, the theatre, the opera, the circus, the beach, the station
before the name of the family, dynasty
začněte se učit
the
the Smiths, the Windsors
before the name of the musical instrument
začněte se učit
the
the piano, the guitar, the flute
before the official title of the person if their name is not given at the same time
začněte se učit
the
" the king, the queen, the prince, the president, the Pope but Queen Elizabeth II, Pope John Paul II, Prince Charles (NAME!)"
But: when a proper noun is used in possessive form, no article is used:
začněte se učit
the
Eistein’s theory of relativity, Broca’s area, Wegener’s hypothesis...
distance/fuel:
začněte se učit
a/an
30 miles a (or to the) gallon
distance/speed
začněte se učit
a/an
40 km an hour
frequency/time:
začněte se učit
a/an
twice a day
home
začněte se učit
no
What time do you leave home?
name of the place has a name of the person or a place
začněte se učit
no article
Victoria Station, Kennedy Airport Oxford University London Zoo Buckingham Palace, but the White House the Royal Palace (ADJECTIV)
Names composed on common nouns plus proper noun
začněte se učit
the
the Dominion of Canada, the New York City, the United States
Names of academic subjects
začněte se učit
no the
mathematics, biology, history, computer science
names of airports and stations
začněte se učit
no
"Waterloo Station, Heathrow Airport, Gatwick Airport, John F. Kennedy International Airport"
names of archipelagos
začněte se učit
the
The Malay Archipelago
names of banks
začněte se učit
no / the
Barclays Bank, Lloyds Bank, but The Bank of England (OF!!!)
Names of bays
začněte se učit
no the
Names of bridges
začněte se učit
no
Tower Bridge, Brooklyn Bridge, Westminster Bridge, London Bridge
Names of buildings
začněte se učit
the
The Empire State Building
names of castles, palaces and parks
začněte se učit
no
names of castles, palaces and parks
names of Channel etc.
začněte se učit
the
The English Channel, The Gulf of Mexico, The Straight of Giblaltar
names of CHURCHES
začněte se učit
no
St John’s Church, St Paul’s Church (named after saints)
names of CINEMAS
začněte se učit
the
the ABC, the Odeon
names of cities, towns
začněte se učit
no the
London, Miami, but The Hague
names of continents
začněte se učit
no the
Europe, Asia
names of countries
začněte se učit
no the
Italy, France, but The USA, the Netherlands, the Dominican Republic, the Philippines (...)
names of deserts
začněte se učit
the
the Sahara
Names of falls
začněte se učit
no the
Niagara Falls
names of forest
začněte se učit
the
the black forest
Names of geographical areas
začněte se učit
the
the Middle East, the West, the Near East
names of HOTELS
začněte se učit
the
the Hilton, the Station Hotel, but: Claridge’s, Brown's (named after people...)
Names of hotels
začněte se učit
the
the Niagara Falls Hotel
names of illnesses:
začněte se učit
a/an/no article
a headache, a sore throat, (a) cold, (a) backache / (a) stomach-ache / (a) toothache / (an) earache, (the)measles, (the) mumps, shingles, (the) flu, gout, hepatitis, (high) blood pressure
names of island chains
začněte se učit
no the
the Hawaiian Islands, the Hebrides, or the Canary Islands **but singl island without the
Names of islands
začněte se učit
no the
Coney Island, Key West, Long Island **but island chains: the
names of jobs
začněte se učit
a /the
John is a doctor. But I’d better go to see the doctor. (we mean “ our” doctor)
Names of lakes
začněte se učit
no
Lake Titicaca, Lake Macbride, Lake Geneva, Exception: a group of lakes like the Great Lakes, and the Lake of Constance, the Lake of Lucerne
Names of languages
začněte se učit
no
Chinese, English
Names of libraries
začněte se učit
the
the Library of Congress
Names of meals
začněte se učit
no / a
breakfast, lunch, dinner, tea, supper but + adjectiv a big lunch, We're meeting for lunch tomorrow. I had a big lunch today.
Names of museum
začněte se učit
the
the Metropolitan museum
names of museums, galleries
začněte se učit
the
the British Museum, the Tate Gallery
names of nationalities
začněte se učit
the
"the British, the Dutch, the English, the French, the Irish, the Welsh. But: (the) Germans (german+s), (the) Americans (American+s)"
Names of nationalities:
začněte se učit
no the
Chinese, English, Spanish, Russian
names of newspapers
začněte se učit
the
the Times, the Washington Post, the Evening Standard
names of ocean
začněte se učit
the
the Pacific
names of peninsulas
začněte se učit
the
The Iberian Peninsula
names of places, buildings etc. with of
začněte se učit
the
"The Bank of England, the Great Wall of China, The Houses of Parliament, the Museum of Modern Art, The Tower of London"
names of points on the globe
začněte se učit
the
the Equator, the North Pole
names of ranges of mountains
začněte se učit
no the
the Andes, the Alps, the Rockies or unusual names like the Matterhorn but single montains without the
names of RESTAURANTS / PUBS
začněte se učit
the
the Bombay Restaurant, the Red Lion (pub) but Maxim’s, Macdonald’s, Luigi’s Restaurant -are named after people who started them, so no article
names of River
začněte se učit
the
the Nile
names of Sea
začněte se učit
the
the Mediterranean Sea
Names of single mountain
začněte se učit
no the
Mount Everest, Mont Blanc, Bear Mountain but ranges: the
names of States
začněte se učit
no
Bavaria, ohio
Names of streets
začněte se učit
no the
Fifth Avenue, Washington Blvd., Main St., Sheppard Rd., Broadway, Main Street, Oxford Street, Oxford Cirkus but: The Mall, The High Street
names of the period in history
začněte se učit
the
the Middle Ages, the Regan era, the Dark Ages
names of Theatres
začněte se učit
the
the Palace Theatre, the National Theatre, the Globe Theatre
Names of theories, effects, devices, scales, and so on modified by a proper noun used as an adjective:
začněte se učit
the
the Doppler effect, the Hubble telescope, the Kelvin scale.
Names of Universities:
začněte se učit
no the
Yale University, Columbia University, Oxford University **but Exception: of-forms the University of Michigan, the University of Hawaii
price/weight:
začněte se učit
a/an
80p a kilo
work
začněte se učit
no
Is he still at work?

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