AS 12

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separation of powers
The separation of powers is a representation for the governance of a state. Under this model, a state's government is divided into branches.
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podział władz
headquarters (HQ)
The airline is headquartered in Seattle.
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siedziba główna
vest
Political power is now vested in an elected parliament.
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to give someone or something the power to do something:
legislative power / legislature
The European Parliament will have greater legislative powers (= ability to make laws).; Republican leaders in the legislature said they will appeal the court decision.
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władza ustawodawcza
pass a law
The government passed a law to restrict the sale of guns.
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uchwalić prawo
executive power/ the executive
The executive is the branch of government exercising authority in and holding responsibility for the governance of a state.
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władza wykonawcza
monarch
Britain's head of state is a constitutional monarch (= only has very limited powers).
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monarcha
implement laws
The changes to the national health system will be implemented next year.
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wdrażać przepisy
judiciary power/ judiciary
Public confidence in the rule of law and the judiciary has been damaged by recent events.
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władza sądownicza
offender
young offenders
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przestępca
due
He was banned for six months for driving without due care and attention.
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właściwy, poprawny
assembly
The Senate and the Assembly put aside political differences to pass the aid package.
There's a religious assembly every morning.
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zgromadzenie
also: one of the two parts of the government that makes laws in many US States:
presume
also: assume; We must presume innocence until we have evidence of guilt.
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to accept something as true until it is shown to not be true, especially in law
suffrage
universal suffrage (= the right of all adults to vote)
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prawo wyborcze
the Bill of Rights
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Karta Praw Stanów Zjednoczonych
destitution
Destitution has become a major problem in the capital.
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nędza
discrimnate against
She felt she had been discriminated against because of her age.
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dyskryminować
favouritism
US: favoritism
A parent must be careful not to show favouritism towards any one of their children.
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faworyzowanie
impunity
Criminal gangs are terrorizing the city with apparent impunity.
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bezkarność
aide
an aide to the prime minister
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asystent (ważnej osoby, polityka)
high treason
Stone was arrested on a charge of high treason on 3 May 1794 and was taken to the Tower of London.
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zdrada stanu
landslide
The opinion polls are predicting a landslide for the Republicans in next week's election., a landslide victory
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przytłaczajce zwycięstwo w wyborach
enterprise
Don't forget this is a commercial enterprise - we're here to make money.
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przedsiębiorstwo
demand
supply: Across the economy, it seems that demand for viable CEO candidates exceeds supply.
Colourful Ceramics hope to tap into the demand for products made out of recycled materials.
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popyt
podaż
economise
US: economize
You could economize on food by not eating in restaurants all the time.
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oszczędzać
GDP (gross domestic product)
If the GDP continues to shrink, the country will be in a recession.
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PKB (produkt krajowy brutto)
borrowing
Public borrowing has increased in recent years.; The state is precariously close to its borrowing limit.
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zadłużenie
the Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.
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Wielki Kryzys
misdeed
She's been making up for her past misdeeds by doing a lot of voluntary work.
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wykroczenie, występek
siphon off money
Over the years, she siphoned off hundreds of thousands of dollars from various accounts.
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wyprowadzać pieniądze
delinquent
juvenile, teenage delinquents; They are carrying out research on the causes of delinquent behaviour among young people.
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delikwent, młodociany przestępca
appeal against (the conviction)
She has lodged (= made) an appeal against the severity of the fine.; The case went to the court of appeal/the appeal court.
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odwoływać się od (wyroku skazującego)
convict
an escaped convict; He has twice been convicted of robbery/arson.
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skazaniec
power of attorney
Laws governing power of attorney can vary significantly from state to state.
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pełnomocnictwo
the prosecution
His plea of guilty to manslaughter was not accepted by the prosecution. Prosecutors intended to retry the case.
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prokuratura
prosecution
Doctors guilty of neglect are liable to prosecution.
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oskarżenie
bail
He was released/remanded on bail (of $100,000).
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kaucja
prison term
He is serving a four-year prison term.
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prison sentence
stand trial
Two other men are to stand trial next month for their part in the bombing.
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stanąć przed sądem
break off
The governments have broken off diplomatic relations.
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zerwać rozmowy, stosunki
come into force
New driving regulations are going to come into force this year.
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wchodzić w życie
come/bring to a head
Things hadn't been good between us for a while and this incident just brought it to a head./ The situation finally came to a head when she failed to show up at school.
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osiągnąć punkt krytyczny, w którym trzeba coś zrobić
go bust
More than 20 companies in the district went bust during the last three months.
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splajtować
take the floor
The Majority Leader again took the floor.
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zabierać głos
keep off the grass
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nie deptać trawy
stand sb up
I don't know if I've been stood up or if she's just late - I'll wait another half hour.
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wystawić kogoś do wiatru
pull through
They said the operation had been successful and they expected his wife to pull through.
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wyzdrowieć
run a bath for sb
US: fill the tub
I'll run you a bath while you take off those wet clothes.
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to fill a bath with water for washing:
do sb good
It's probably done you good to get away for a few hours.
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if you say that sth will do sb good, you mean that it will benefit them or improve them
depot
a bus depot; an arms/weapons depot
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a building where supplies or vehicles, especially buses, are kept:
hospice
Mary, who was suffering from terminal cancer, spent her last few months in a hospice.
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hospicjum
enquiry
Enquiry into the matter is pointless - no one will tell you anything.
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British version of inquiry
ecologist
Economists say the ecosystem is basically healthy; ecologists worry it may be on the verge of being irreparably damaged.
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ekolog
social security
He's on social security.
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opieka społeczna

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