lesson 7 ADJECTIVES

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Adjectives
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tall / short; fat / slim; big / medium / small
Adjectives provide information
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about nouns.
They come before the noun:
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Thank God the chatty parrot is sleeping.
They don't change depending on number:
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Blacky is my black cat. I have eight cats and I'm still lucky.
Life is full of surprises!
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mom: beautiful, blonde. dad: handsome, hairy. daughter: ugly, freckly.
freckle: one of several small brown marks on someone’s face or arms: The sun gives me freckles.
You can be: polite
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speaking or behaving in a way that shows respect for other people OPP impolite, rude
dishonest
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someone who is dishonest deceives people, for example by lying, stealing, or cheating OPP honest
grumpy
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slightly angry and easily annoyed
chatty
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liking to talk a lot in a friendly way
arrogant
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having an exaggerated sense of one's own importance or abilities.
brave
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possessing courage.
calm
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not feeling nervous.
clever
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showing sharp intelligence.
crazy
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affected with madness.
wise
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a wise person is able to use their knowledge and experience of life to make good decisions and give good advice
distrustful
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distrust: a feeling that you cannot trust someone SYN mistrust
weird
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unusual and strange
enthusiatic
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having great excitement and interest.
envious
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painfully desiring what someone else has.
friendly
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warm, comforting
funny
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causing laughter or amusement
lonely
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without companions, solitary.
nice
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kind, friendly
sarcastic
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using words in a sense that is contrary to their meaning
silly
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foolish, lacking common sense.
witty
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using quick and inventive verbal humor.
tough
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strong person: a tough person is strong or determined, and not easily upset
optimistic
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believing that good things will happen in the future OPP pessimistic
cheeky
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rude or showing no respect, sometimes in an amusing way
atrevido, descarado
gossipy
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a gossipy person enjoys talking about other people and their lives
jealous
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unhappy because someone you like or love is showing interest in another person
girly but wicked
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A very feminine girl. Very feminine in her movements. Very feminine looking. What you call a girl that is very feminine. Very bad or evil.
lazy
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someone who is lazy does not like working or doing things that need effort
nuts
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crazy, silly, or angry
shy
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nervous and embarrassed about meeting or talking to other people
vain
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disapproving: too proud of yourself, especially of your appearance vanity
selfish
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caring only about yourself and not about other people OPP unselfish
gluttonous
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someone who eats too much
perverted
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strange and unacceptable, often in a sexual way
You can feel: upset, angry
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unhappy because something unpleasant or disappointing has happened; feeling or showing anger.
sad
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not happy
warm
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warm v angličtině
slightly hot, especially in a pleasant way OPP cool
hot
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hot v angličtině
having a high temperature OPP cold
anxious
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experiencing worry, unease or nervousness.
ashamed
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feeling embarrasment.
cool
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cool v angličtině
having a moderately low temperature.
happy
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feeling good having feelings of pleasure, for example because something good has happened to you or because you are satisfied with your life OPP sad, unhappy
depressed
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very unhappy
tense
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worried and unable to relax in a way that makes you get angry or upset easily
cold
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cold v angličtině
something that is cold has a low temperature OPP hot, warm
hungry
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if you are hungry, you want to eat
thirsty
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if you are thirsty, you want or need to drink something
disturbed
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showing signs or symptoms of mental or emotional illness.
dizzy
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having a sensation of losing one's balance.
when you are able to stand and walk steadily, without falling; estabilidade, equilíbrio.
healthy
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possessing good health.
ill
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unhealthy, sick.
sleepy
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needing or feeling ready for sleep.
uneasy
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feeling troubled or uncomfortable.
worried
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feeling uneasy or concerned about something.
PARTICIPIAL ADJECTIVES
I am bored. Only boring people get bored.
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are adjectives that can end in ED and ING.
I am bored. Only boring people get bored.
Adjectives ENDING IN ED
Laura was bored by the movie.
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describe how people feel.
Laura was bored by the movie.
Adjectives ENDING IN ING
Laura didn't enjoy the movie because it was boring.
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describe how people or things are.
Laura didn't enjoy the movie because it was boring.
amazed
feeling astonished.
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amazing
causing astonishment.
amused
feeling entertained
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amusing
causing entertainment
annoyed
feeling angry, irritated
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annoying
causing anger, irritation
bored
feeling tired and not interested
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boring
not interesting, tedious
confused
feeling unable to understand
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confusing
causing desorientation
disappointed
feeling sad due to failed expectations
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disappointing
not living up to expectations
excited
feeling enthusiastic
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exciting
causing enthusiasm
frightened
feeling afraid
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frightening
causing fear
interested
feeling interest
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interesting
causing interest
irritated
feeling irritation
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irritating
causing irritation
surprised
feeling astonishment or shock
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surprising
causing astonishment or shock
thrilled
feeling intense pleasure and excitement
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thrilling
causing intense pleasure and excitement
ADJECTIVE ORDER
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When using more than one adjective, you have to put them in the RIGHT ORDER according to type.
1- opinion 2- size 3- age 4- shape 5- colour 6- origin 7- material 8- purpose
a silly young Spanish man
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silly 1- opinion young 3- age Spanish 6- origin
the huge round wood bowl
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huge 2- size round 4- shape wood 7- material
my lovely red dancing shoes
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lovely 1- opinion red 5- color dancing 8- purpose
ADJECTIVE + PREPOSITION
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EXPRESSIONS
We are fed up with crumbs.
We want cheesecake! We want chocolate! and we want mint gum! crumbs- pieces of bread
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unable or unwilling to tolerate a situation any longer.
Everyone has a weakness, even those who look strong. This guy is very attached to his pacifier.
pacifier- a rubber object that a baby sucks so that he or she does not cry SYN dummy British English
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be fond of somebody/something to like someone or something very much
I'm hooked on coffee.
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addicted to
I'm fascinated by science fiction.
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compelled by or attracted to
Common ADJECTIVES
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with the PREPOSITIONS that normally follow them
addicted to
My kids are addicted to surfing the Net.
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to like doing something so much that you spend all your free time doing it
afraid of
Kids who are afraid of the dark.
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frightened because you think that you may get hurt or that something bad may happen SYN frightened, scared
angry at
He felt angry at the injustice of the situation.
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feeling or showing anger
anxious about
I’m quite anxious about my exams.
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worried about something
ashamed of
Mike felt ashamed of his own behaviour. Some children are ashamed of their parents.
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feeling very sorry or guilty about something bad you have done, or someone in your family has done
attached to
Tom was very attached to his old teddy bear.
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like somebody/something be attached to somebody/something to like someone or something very much because you have known them for a long time
aware of
The children are aware of the danger. He was aware of the wind in his face.
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if you are aware of something, you know about it or realize that it is there OPP unaware
bad at
I was bad at tennis. bad at doing something I’m really bad at remembering people’s names.
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not skilful if you are bad at something, you cannot do it very well
bored with / by
She’s bored with doing the same thing every day. I’m so bored with my job.
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tired and impatient because something is uninteresting or you have nothing to do
capable of
Do you think he’s capable of murder? He is capable of looking after himself.
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capable of (doing) something having the qualities or ability needed to do something OPP incapable
careful of
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giving a lot of thought and attention to something:
concerned about
I’m concerned about his eyesight.
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worried about something important
the ability to see poor/good/perfect etc eyesight
crazy about
Lee’s crazy about cats.
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to like someone or something very much
curious about
I’m curious about how the system works.
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wanting to know or learn about something
different from
Our sons are very different from each other.
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not like something or someone else OPP similar
excited about
The kids are getting really excited about the trip.
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happy, interested, or hopeful because something good has happened or is expected
fascinated by
I am fascinated by space travel.
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extremely interested
fed up with
I’m fed up with this constant rain.
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annoyed or bored and wanting change
glad about
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pleased and happy about something
good at
Gill’s very good at sports.
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skilful able to do something well
happy about
I’m not very happy about this.
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satisfied
COMPARATIVES
and SUPERLATIVES
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You are older than me. I'm more beautiful.
I am the best. You are the most handsome. You are the nicest. The cutest guy.
One-syllable adjectives ending in consonant
old, tall, long
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add ER / add EST
older / oldest; taller / tallest; longer / longest
One-syllable adjective with final -e
large, wise
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add -r / add -st
larger / largest; wiser / wisest
One syllable adjective ending with a single consonant with a single vowel before it
big, thin, fat
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dpuble the consonant and add -er / est
bigger / biggest; thinner / thinnest; fatter / fattest
Two-syllable adjectives
careful
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use more / use most before the adjective
more careful / most careful
Two-syllable adjectives ending with -y
happy
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change Y to I and add ER / EST
happier / happiest
Two-syllable adjectives ending with-er, -le, or -ow
narrow
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add ER / EST
narrower / narrowest
Three or more syllables
beautiful
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use more and most before the adjective
more beautiful / most beautiful
Exceptions
good, bad, far, little, many
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irregular adjectives
better / best, worse / worst, farther / farthest, less / least, more / most
Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules
clever, gentle, friendly, quiet, simple
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add -er or -est or more and most
cleverer, gentler, friendlier, quieter, simpler or...
AS ... AS
She is as old as me / I am. She is as beautiful as me. But there is a small difference. I'm not as stupid as she is.
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As is used to compare things that are equal.
It can also be used in negatives and questions: I'm not as stupid as her / she. Is she as beautiful as me / I (am)?

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