market leader - lekcja 8 culture vocab

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polite behaviour that shows that you respect someone and are therefore willing to accept their opinions or judgment
Lewis was annoyed that Adam did not show enough respect and deference to him
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deference
the feeling that something is definitely true or definitely exists
her sincere belief that her brother was not the murderer
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belief
used to say that something is worth what you pay for it, or not worth what you pay for it
The lunch special is really good value
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value
system of organization in which people or things are divided into levels of importance
She worked her way up through the corporate hierarchy to become president
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hierarchy
the attitudes and practices that prevent women or particular groups from getting high-level jobs, even though there are no actual laws or rules to stop them
przykładGoodhue shattered the glass ceiling as the first female publisher at Time Inc ze słówkiem
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glass ceiling
the amount of space between two places or things
przykład ze słówkiethe distance from Chicago to Detroit
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distance
an informal talk in which people exchange news, feelings, and thoughts
Children quickly get bored by adult conversation
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conversation
1when you discuss something
the discussion of important issues
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discussion
a type of organization in conversation where participants speak one at a time in alternating turns
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turn-taking
complete absence of sound or noise
Nothing disturbed the silence of the night
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silence
nearness in distance or time
We chose the house for its proximity to the school
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proximity
a movement of part of your body, especially your hands or head, to show what you mean or how you feel
Jim raised his hands in a despairing gesture
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gesture
changes in your body position and movements that show what you are feeling or thinking
It was obvious from Luke’s body language that he was nervous
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body language
the opinions and feelings that you usually have about something, especially when this is shown in your behaviour
As soon as they found out I was a doctor, their whole attitude changed.
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attitude
a piece of work that must be done, especially one that is difficult or unpleasant or that must be done regularly
The task of the union representative is to fight on behalf of the members.
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task
-oriented (or task-focused) leadership is a behavioral approach in which the leader focuses on the tasks that need to be performed in order to meet certain goals
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task-oriented
Relationship-oriented (or relationship-focused) leadership is a behavioral approach in which the leader focuses on the satisfaction, motivation and the general well-being of the team members
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relationship-oriented
the opinions and feelings that you usually have about something, especially when this is shown in your behaviour:
As soon as they found out I was a doctor, their whole attitude changed
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attitude
the process of thinking about and deciding on a plan for achieving or making something
A little careful planning is important in gardening
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planning
time when you are not working or studying and can relax and do things you enjoy
przykład ze słówkiemMost people now enjoy shorter working hours and more leisure time
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leisure
friendly behaviour towards visitors
Thanks for your hospitality over the past few weeks
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hospitality
involving a lot of complicated official rules and processes
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bureaucratic
1rigid methods, systems etc are very strict and difficult to change
rigid and authoritarian methods of education
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rigid
polite behaviour that shows that you respect someone and are therefore willing to accept their opinions or judgment
Lewis was annoyed that Adam did not show enough respect and deference to him.
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deference
to be too eager to obey or be polite to someone in authority
We will not kowtow to the government
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kowtow
feeling or showing respect
They listened in respectful silence
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respectful
if you have seniority in a company or organization, you have worked there a long time and have some official advantages
I had 15 years seniority, and they couldn’t fire me
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seniority
understandable behaviour, reactions etc seem normal and reasonable because of the situation you are in
It is understandable that parents are angry, and looking for someone to blame
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understandable
someone who is pompous thinks that they are important, and shows this by being very formal and using long words – used to show disapproval
He seems rather pompous
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pompous
to do several things at the same time
The successful applicant for this job must be able to multitask
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multitasker
someone who is sociable is friendly and enjoys being with other people
a pleasant, sociable couple
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sociable
pleasant in a way that makes you feel comfortable and relaxed
The department provides a congenial atmosphere for research.
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congenial
criticizing someone or something in a clever but cruel way
acerbic wit
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acerbic
1speaking or behaving in a way that is not polite and is likely to offend or annoy people
I didn’t mean to be rude, but I had to leave early
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rude
likely to upset or embarrass someone without intending to
I thought it would be tactless to ask about her divorce
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tactless
1a person, plan etc that is flexible can change or be changed easily to suit any new situation
We can be flexible about your starting date.
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flexible
making things happen or change rather than reacting to events
a proactive approach to staffing requirements
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proactive
to do something without any preparation, because you are forced to do this by unexpected events:
I forgot to bring my notes, so I had to improvise
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mprovise
someone who is modest does not want to talk about their abilities or achievements
He was always modest about his role in the Everest expedition
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modest
to talk too proudly about your abilities, achievements, or possessions
‘I wouldn’t be afraid,’ she boasted
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boast
1the place where something is or where something happens, and the general environment
an old farmhouse in a beautiful setting
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setting
disagreement or arguing between people
marital discord
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discord
someone’s character, especially the way they behave towards other people
Despite their different personalities, they became the best of friends
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personality
nervous worried feeling that makes it impossible for you to relax
The tension was becoming unbearable, and I wanted to scream.
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tension
1unable to see, move, feel etc in the normal way because you are not conscious:
She was found alive but unconscious
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unconscious
to allow people to do, say, or believe something without criticizing or punishing them
We simply will not tolerate vigilante groups on our streets.
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tolerate
to behave badly, and cause trouble or annoy people
George has been misbehaving at school.
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misbehaving
shared or made by every member of a group or society
a collective decision made by all board members
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collective

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