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1066- the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror, feudalism, the Domesday. 1516- the publication of Thomas Mores Utopia, Early middle ages 1100-1300 late middle ages 1300- 1500
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Narrative Works of Chivalry, Middle English Romances are military fables, quests and adventures, NOT LOVE, protagonists going to unknown lands testing their prowess and honour
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Three subjects of Romance work začněte se učit
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- Legend about King Arthur (Britain). - Charlemagne and his knights (France). - Alexander the Great and other classical figures (Rome)
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The Stories of King Arthur začněte se učit
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- William of Malnesbury. - Wace, Laymon. -Chretien De Troyes - Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. -Morte D'Arthur
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- Concept of love invented by trubadours from the south of France. - feudal court with feudal hierarchy. - mans submission to lady. -lady is beautiful and cold, usually married to sb else. - courtly love as a game and part of courtly etiquette
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Three rules of courtly love začněte se učit
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to serve, to suffer, to smile
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- Marie De France, Tales about love knights and ladies. -Thomas of Britain, Tristan and Iseult. - Arthurian Romances, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
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Middle ages - the age of splendid gothic cathedrals. Huge temples of harmonious beauty. The Cathedra - the Bible in stone. Gothic cathedrals - attenpt to reach God. Cathedral schools as places of learning and education
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Religious prose and poetry začněte se učit
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Ancrene Riwle (1200). The Owl and The Nightingale (1200). Pearl (1360?)
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Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) začněte se učit
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-The father of English Poetry. -was well educated, read latin, studied astronomy, theology, philosophy, french and Italian poetry. -the Cantenbury Tales, the pilgrimage to Cantenbury. - popularity of pilgrimage in MA
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Romance the wife of Baths Tale začněte se učit
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a miniature Arthurian romance, one of King Arthurs Knights in order to save his life must answer a question, what do women desire the most? he promises to marry an ugly woman for her to tell him answer: to rule
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The Millers Tale, The Reeves Tale, Satirical stories of love
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Medieval drama born out of liturgy: religious rituals, chants, recitation of prayers, 13th.c.- the developementof cities. Religious stories are performed near or in a churches. Actors are representatives of the guilds
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- stories of human life and faith. Anonymous. Didactic entertainement. - subjects are biblical characters. - performed on peggeant. -serious and sometimes comic
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-performed to illustrate the battle between two forces of goodness and evil in the human soul, spiritual struggle -the characters are not people but VIRTUES and VICES -Everyman 15th.c. maximum simplicity. -only good deeds stay with Everyman
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the Interlude (15-16th.c.) začněte se učit
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played in between acts of long morality plays or between banquet. -shorter than morality plays. -performed in colleges or rich people houses
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Medieval Chivalric Romance začněte se učit
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Topics: adventure, marvels, feats of arms, courtly love. -The knightly hero must prove his courage, prowess and moral virtue by: overcoming enemies in joust and battles (physical strength) and displaying qualitues such as: loyalty to his lord,
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-Mythical origins of Britain, -Britain founded by Brutus, a legendary hero who sailed to the British shores after the fall of Troy he slew the giants and gave name to the British isles - Britain as the place of wonders, mysteries, extraordinary things
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