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otázka		odpověď
1. Operations začněte se učit		The activities involved in the production and delivery of goods or services using resources like labor, materials, and machinery.
2. Quality začněte se učit		The degree to which a product or service meets certain standards or satisfies customer expectations.
3. Cost začněte se učit		The total expenditure required to produce a product, including materials, labor, and overhead.
4. Dependability začněte se učit		The ability to deliver products or services reliably and consistently on time.
5. Flexibility začněte se učit		The ability to adapt to changes in volume, product variety, or delivery requirements.
6. Speed (Throughput) začněte se učit		The rate at which products are produced and delivered to customers.
7. Lead-time začněte se učit		The time between placing an order and receiving the product.
8. Time-to-market začněte se učit		The time taken to develop a product from concept to launch.
9. Procurement začněte se učit		The process of sourcing and purchasing goods and services from suppliers.
10. Supply chain začněte se učit		A network of suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors involved in producing and delivering a product.
11. Logistics začněte se učit		The organization and implementation of transporting goods from one place to another.
12. Inventory začněte se učit		The raw materials, work-in-progress, and finished goods a company holds for future use or sale.
13. Feasibility začněte se učit		An assessment of how practical or achievable a project or plan is.
14. Vulnerability začněte se učit		The degree of risk or potential problems in a process or plan.
15. Standardization začněte se učit		Limiting variety by making uniform products or processes.
16. Commonality začněte se učit		The use of shared components or parts across different products.
17. Modularization začněte se učit		Designing products using separate interchangeable components.
18. Concept brief začněte se učit		A short document outlining the goals, features, and purpose of a new product idea.
19. Roll-out začněte se učit		The gradual introduction of a new product to the market.
20. First-tier supplier začněte se učit		A company that directly supplies products to the manufacturer.
21. Second-tier supplier začněte se učit		A company that supplies materials to the first-tier supplier.
22. Throughput začněte se učit		The amount of work or production completed in a given time.
23. Virtual operation začněte se učit		A business model where temporary teams or suppliers are used for a specific project.
24. Bill of materials začněte se učit		A list of raw materials, components, and instructions needed to manufacture a product.
25. E-procurement začněte se učit		Purchasing goods and services using digital platforms or the internet.
26. JIT (Just-in-time) začněte se učit		A production method that reduces inventory by receiving goods only as they are needed.
27. Lean operations začněte se učit		A management approach focused on reducing waste and improving efficiency.
28. Kaizen začněte se učit		A Japanese term meaning continuous improvement in all aspects of a business.
29. TQM (Total Quality Management) začněte se učit		A comprehensive approach where all employees work toward improving quality.
30. Six Sigma začněte se učit		A data-driven method for eliminating defects and improving quality, aiming for fewer than 3.4 defects per million items.
31. Capacity začněte se učit		The maximum output that a company can produce under normal conditions.
32. Control of inventory začněte se učit		Managing stock levels to ensure materials are available without overstocking.
33. Perpetual inventory system začněte se učit		A system that automatically tracks inventory in real-time.
34. Batch production začněte se učit		A production method where products are made in groups or batches.
35. Mass production začněte se učit		The large-scale manufacturing of standardized products.
36. Job production začněte se učit		A production method where a single product is made at a time, often customized.
37. Project production začněte se učit		A method used for complex, one-off products like construction or shipbuilding.
38. EPOS (Electronic Point of Sale) začněte se učit		A computerized system used in retail to process sales and update inventory.
39. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) začněte se učit		A technology used to identify and track items using radio waves.
40. Industrial robots začněte se učit		Automated machines used in manufacturing to perform repetitive tasks like welding, assembling, or painting.
41. RFID tags (Radio Frequency Identification) začněte se učit		Tags used to track items through radio signals, improving inventory control and traceability.
42. EPOS (Electronic Point of Sale) začněte se učit		Systems used in retail that record sales and update stock levels in real-time.
43. Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) začněte se učit		A company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another manufacturer.
44. Outsourcing začněte se učit		Hiring an external company to perform services or create goods that were traditionally done in-house.
45. Grants and subsidies začněte se učit		Financial aid provided by the government to support businesses.
46. Infrastructure začněte se učit		Basic physical systems like roads, railways, and utilities needed for business operations.
47. Proximity to suppliers/customers začněte se učit		The physical closeness to suppliers or customers, affecting logistics efficiency and service speed.
48. Environmental considerations začněte se učit		Concerns about how business activities affect the natural environment.
49. Screening začněte se učit		The process of evaluating if a product idea is good and fits company goals.
50. Preliminary design začněte se učit		Early version of a product design used for concept development.
51. Evaluation and improvement začněte se učit		Assessing and refining product ideas and processes.
52. Prototyping začněte se učit		Creating a sample version of a product to test its design and functionality.
53. Factory layout začněte se učit		The physical arrangement of machinery, equipment, and workers in a production facility.
54. Packaging issues začněte se učit		Considerations about how products are packed, including protection, cost, and branding.
55. Changeover time začněte se učit		The time required to switch from producing one product to another in manufacturing.
56. Set-up time začněte se učit		Time taken to prepare machines or equipment before production can begin.
57. Downtime začněte se učit		Periods when production is halted, often due to equipment failure or changeovers.
58. Work-in-progress (WIP) začněte se učit		Items that are in the process of being manufactured but are not yet finished.
59. Job/batch/continuous/mass production začněte se učit		Different types of manufacturing processes depending on scale and customization.
60. Kanban začněte se učit		A lean method that uses visual signals (like cards or software) to control production and inventory.
61. Forecasting začněte se učit		Predicting future customer demand to plan production and inventory.
62. Capacity utilization začněte se učit		The percentage of a factory’s total potential output that is actually being used.
63. Overtime začněte se učit		Time worked beyond the regular working hours, often paid at a higher rate.
64. Subcontracting začněte se učit		Hiring another company to carry out part of the production process.
65. Inventory system začněte se učit		Methods and software used to monitor stock levels and reorder materials automatically.
66. Benchmarking začněte se učit		Comparing one’s business processes and performance metrics to industry bests or best practices from other companies.

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