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hobble /ˈhɒbl; US / verb [intransitive] to walk with difficulty because your feet or legs are hurt He hobbled home on his twisted ankle. ▶ kuleć utykać kuśtykać

hobby /ˈhɒbi; US / noun [countable] (pl. hobbies) ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW something that you do regularly for pleasure in your free time Danesh’s hobbies are flower arranging and mountain biking. ▶ konik hobby

hockey /ˈhɒki; US / noun [uncountable] 1 a game that is played on a field by two teams of eleven players who try to hit a small hard ball into a goal with a curved wooden stick ▶ hokej na trawie

hog1 /hɒɡ; US; / noun [countable] a male pig that is kept for its meat ▶ wieprz

hold1 /həʊld / verb 1[tr] to take sb/sth and keep them or it in your hand He held a gun in his hand. The woman was holding a baby in her arms. He manages to write by holding the pen between his toes. Hold my hand. This is a busy road. ▶ trzymać

4[transitive] to contain or have space for a particular amount The car holds five people. How much does this bottle hold? ▶ zawierać mieścić (w sobie)

6[intransitive] to remain the same I hope this weather holds till the weekend. What I said still holds – nothing has changed. ▶ trwać utrzymywać się być aktualnym obowiązywać

9[transitive] to believe that sth is true about a person I hold the parents responsible for the child’s behaviour. ▶ uważać, że

to have a conversation It’s impossible to hold a conversation with all this noise. ▶ prowadzić (rozmowę)

hold2 /həʊld; US / noun ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1[countable] the act or manner of having sb/sth in your hand(s) to have a firm hold on the rope judo/wrestling holds ▶ chwyt

holdall /ˈhəʊldɔ: l; US / noun [countable] a large bag that is used for carrying clothes, etc. when you are travelling ▶ torba podróżna

holder /ˈhəʊldə(r); US / noun [countable] [in compounds] 1 a person who has or holds sth a season ticket holder the world record holder in the 100 metres holders of European passports ▶ posiadacz/ka okaziciel/ka właściciel/ka

ˈhold-up noun [countable] 1 a delay ‘ What’s the hold-up?’ ‘ There’s been an accident ahead of us.’ ▶ opóźnienie spóźnienie

hole /həʊl; US / noun 1[co] an opening; an empty space in sth solid The pavement is full of holes. There are holes in my socks. I’ve got a hole in my tooth. The repair of the roof has made a big hole in their savings. ▶ dziura dół otwór

3 [countable] (in the sport of golf) the hole in the ground that you must hit the ball into. Each section of the golf course is also called a hole an eighteen-hole golf course Barbara won the seventh hole. ▶ dołek

holey /ˈhəʊli; US / adj. aholey piece of clothing or material has a lot of holes in it ▶ dziurawy

W Br. ang. vacation oznacza czas, gdy zamknięte są uniwersytety i sądy: Maria wants to get a job in the long vacation.

holiday /ˈhɒlədeɪ; US / noun 1(US vacation) [cou, u] a period of rest from work or school (often when you go and stay away from home) We’re going to Italy for our summer holidays this year. How much holiday do you get a year in your new job?

2 [countable] a day of rest when people do not go to work, school, etc. often for religious or national celebrations Next Monday is a holiday. New Year’s Day is a bank/public holiday in Britain. ▶ święto dzień wolny (od pracy)

ˈholiday camp noun [countable] (Brit.) a place that provides a place to stay and organized entertainment for people on holiday ▶ obóz wakacyjny

holidaymaker /ˈhɒlədeɪmeɪkə(r); -dimeɪ-; US / noun [countable] (Brit.) a person who is away from home on holiday ▶ letni-k/czka urlopowicz/ka

holy /ˈhəʊli; US / adj. (holier; holiest) 1 connected with God or with religion and therefore very special or important the Holy Bible holy water The Koran is the holy book of Islam. ▶ święty

holistic /həʊˈlɪstɪk; hɒˈl-; US; / adj. 1 (informal) considering a whole thing or being to be more than a collection of parts a holistic approach to life ▶ holistyczny

hollow1 /ˈhɒləʊ; US / adj. 1 with a hole or empty space inside a hollow tree ▶ pusty wydrążony wklęsły 4 not sincere a hollow laugh/voice hollow promises/threats ▶ nieszczery

hollow2 /ˈhɒləʊ; US / noun [countable] an area that is lower than the land around it ▶ wklęsłość (np. terenu) zagłębienie kotlina

holly /ˈhɒli; US / noun [uncountable] a plant that has shiny dark green leaves with sharp points and red berries in the winter. It is often used as a Christmas decoration. ▶ ostrokrzew

holocaust /ˈhɒləkɔ: st; US ˈhəʊlə- / noun [countable] a situation where a great many things are destroyed and a great many people die a nuclear holocaust ▶ zagłada Holocaust

hologram /ˈhɒləɡræm; US ˈhəʊl- / noun [countable] an image or picture which appears to stand out from the flat surface it is on when light falls on it ▶ hologram

the ˌHoly ˈSpirit (also the ˌHoly Ghost) noun [sing.] Christians believe God consists of three parts: God the Father, God the Son (Jesus Christ) and God the Holy Ghost ▶ Duch Święty

ˈHoly Week noun [countable] (in the Christian Church) the week before Easter Sunday ▶ Wielki Tydzień

homage /ˈhɒmɪdʒ; US / noun [uncountable, countable, usually sing.] (formal) homage (to sb/sth) something that is said or done to show respect publicly for sb Thousands came to pay/do homage (złożyć hołd) to the dead leader ▶ hołd cześć

Uwaga! Przed home nie używa się przyimka to: It’s time to go home. • She’s usually tired when she gets home. Mając na myśli czyjś dom, należy powiedzieć at Jane and Andy’s lub at Jane and Andy’s place/house/flat.

/həʊm / noun 1[co, unco] the place where you live or where you feel that you belong She left home at the age of 21. Children from broken homes (z rozbitych domów) sometimes have learning difficulties. That old house would make an ideal family home.

a place that provides care for a particular type of person or for animals a children’s home dom dziecka an old people’s home dom spokojnej starości ▶ (instytucja państwowa, społeczna itp.) dom

home2 /həʊm; US / adj. [only before a noun] 1 connected with home home cooking your home address/town a happy home life ▶ domowy rodzinny

home3 /həʊm; US / adv. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW at, in or to your home or home country She’ll be flying home for New Year. We must be getting home soon. Musimy wkrótce wracać do domu. ▶ do/w domu do/w kraju

homebuyer /ˈhəʊmbaɪə(r); US / noun [countable] a person who buys a house, flat, etc. ▶ nabywca domu/mieszkania

homecoming /ˈhəʊmkʌmɪŋ; US / noun [countable, uncountable] the act of returning home, especially when you have been away for a long time ▶ powrót do domu/ojczyzny

ˌhome-ˈgrown adj. (used about fruit and vegetables) grown in your own garden ▶ własnej hodowli

homeland /ˈhəʊmlænd; US / noun [countable] the country where you were born or that your parents came from, or to which you feel you belong Many refugees have been forced to leave their homeland. ▶ ojczyzna kraj ojczysty

homeless /ˈhəʊmləs; US / adj. 1 having no home ▶ bezdomny 2(the homeless) noun [pl.] people who have no home ▶ bezdomni □ homelessness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ bezdomność

ˌhome-ˈmade adj. made at home; not bought in a shop home-made cakes ▶ domowego/własnego wyrobu domowy

the ˈHome Office noun [sing.] (Brit.) the department of the British Government that is responsible for the law, the police and prisons within Britain and for decisions about who can enter the country ▶ Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych

homeopathy (Brit. also homoeopathy) /ˌhəʊmiˈɒpəɵi; ˌhɒmi-; US; / noun [uncountable] the treatment of a disease by giving very small amounts of a drug that would cause the disease if given in large amounts ▶ homeopatia

homesick /ˈhəʊmsɪk/ adj. homesick (for sb/sth) sad because you are away from home and you miss it She was very homesick for (bardzo tęskniła za) Canada. ▶ stęskniony za domem/ojczyzną □ homesickness /; US / noun [u] ▶ tęsknota za domem/ojczyzną

hometown /ˈhəʊmtaʊn; US / noun [countable] the place where you were born or lived as a child ▶ miasto rodzinne

homework /ˈhəʊmwɜ: k; US / noun [uncountable] work that is given by teachers for students to do at home Have we got any homework? We’ve got a translation to do for homework.

homicidal /ˌhɒmɪˈsaɪdl; US / adj. likely to murder sb a homicidal maniac ▶ morderczy zabójczy

homogeneous /ˌhɒməˈdʒi: niəs; US / adj. made up of parts that are all of the same type ▶ jednolity jednorodny homogeniczny

homonym /ˈhɒmənɪm; US ˈhəʊm- / noun [countable] a word that is spelt and pronounced like another word but that has a different meaning ▶ homonim

homophobia /ˌhɒməˈfəʊbiə; ˌhəʊm-; US / noun [uncountable] a strong dislike and fear ofhomosexual people ▶ homofobia □ homophobic /; US / adj. ▶ homofobiczny

homophone /ˈhɒməfəʊn; US / noun [countable] a word that is pronounced the same as another word but that has a different spelling and meaning ‘ Flower’ and ‘ flour’ are homophones. ▶ homofon

homosexual /ˌhəʊməˈsekʃuəl ˌhɒm-; US / adj. sexually attracted to people of the same sex ▶ homoseksualny ⇨ look at heterosexual, bisexual, gay, lesbian

hone /həʊn/ verb [t] hone sth (to sth) 1 to develop and improve sth, especially a skill, over a period of time She honed her debating skills at college. His body was honed (wyćwiczone) to perfection. ▶ udoskonalać (do czegoś)

honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 1 (used about a person) telling the truth Just be honest – do you like this skirt or not? We need somebody who’s completely honest for this job. To be honest, I don’t think that’s a very good idea. ▶ uczciwy szczery prawy

honestly /ˈɒnɪstli; US / adv. 1 in an honest way He tried to answer the lawyer’s questions honestly. ▶ szczerze uczciwie

honey /ˈhʌni/ noun 1 [un] the sweet sticky substance that is made by bees and that people eat Would you like honey on your bread? ▶ miód 2[countable] (informal) a way of addressing sb that you like or love Honey, I’m home. ▶ kochanie skarbie

honeycomb /ˈhʌnikəʊm; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a structure of shapes with six sides, in which bees keep their eggs and honey ▶ plaster miodu

honeymoon /ˈhʌnimu: n; US / noun [countable] a holiday that is taken by a man and a woman who have just got married We went to Hawaii for our honeymoon. We had our first argument while we were on our honeymoon. ▶ miesiąc miodowy

honk /hɒŋk; US; / verb [intransitive, transitive] to sound the horn of a car; to make this sound ▶ trąbić (klaksonem)

honorary /ˈɒnərəri; US -reri / adj. 1 given as an honour (without the person needing the usual certificates, etc.) to be awarded an honorary degree ▶ honorowy honoris causa

honour /ˈɒnə(r) / noun 1 [u] the respect from other people that a person, country, etc. gets because of high standards of behaviour and moral character to fight for the honour of your country the guest of honour ▶ honor cześć ⇨ look at dishonour

5[countable] something that is given to a person officially to show great repect He has been given several honours for his work with disabled children. ▶ zaszczyt honory

honour2 (US honor) /ˈɒnə(r); US / verb [transitive] 1honour sb/sth (with sth) to show great (public) respect for sb/sth or to give sb pride or pleasure I am very honoured by the confidence you have shown in me. ▶ zaszczycać uczcić

honourable (US honorable) /ˈɒnərəbl; US / adj. 1 acting in a way that makes people respect you; having or showing honour The only honourable thing to do was to resign. an honourable person ▶ honorowy uczciwy  OPPOSITE  dishonourable

hood /hʊd; US / noun [countable] 1 the part of a coat, etc. that you pull up to cover your head and neck in bad weather ▶ kaptur 2 (especially Brit.) a folding cover for a car, etc. We drove all the way with the hood down. ▶ budka daszek

hoof /hu: f; US / noun [countable] (pl. hoofs or hooves /hu: vz; US /) the hard part of the foot of horses and some other animals ▶ kopyto racica

hook1 /hʊk / n [c] 1 a curved piece of metal, plastic, etc. that is used for hanging sth on or for catching fish Put your coat on the hook over there. a fish-hook ▶ hak kołek 2 (used in boxing) a way of hitting a right hook ▶ cios sierpowy

hook2 /hʊk; US / verb 1 [int, t] to fasten or catch sth with a hook or sth in the shape of a hook; to be fastened in this way We hooked the trailer to the back of the car. The curtain simply hooks onto the rail. ▶ zahaczać (się) zaczepiać (się)

hook up (to sth); hook sb/sth up (to sth) to connect sb/sth to a piece of electronic equipment, to a power supply or to the Internet She was then hooked up to an IV drip. Check that the computer is hooked up to the printer.

hooked /hʊkt; US / adj. 1 shaped like a hook a hooked nose ▶ zakrzywiony haczykowaty 2[not before a noun] (informal) be/get hooked (on sth) to need sth that is bad for you, especially drugs to be hooked on gambling ▶ być w szponach (czegoś)

hooligan /ˈhu: lɪɡən; US / noun [countable] a person who behaves in a violent and aggressive way in public places football hooligans ▶ chuligan ⇨ look at lout, yob □ hooliganism /ˈhu: lɪɡənɪzəm; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ chuliganizm

hoop /hu: p; US / noun [countable] a large metal or plastic ring ▶ obręcz koło

hoot1 /hu: t; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] to sound the horn of a car or to make a loud noise The driver hooted (his horn) at the dog but it wouldn’t move. They hooted with laughter at the suggestion. ▶ trąbić (klaksonem) ryczeć

hoot2 /hu: t; US / noun 1 [countable] (especially Brit.) a short loud laugh or shout hoots of laughter ▶ parsknięcie (śmiechem) krzyk 2[sing.] (informal) a situation or a person that is very funny Bob is a real hoot! ▶ ubaw błazen

hoover /ˈhu: və(r); US / verb [intransitive, transitive] (Brit.) to clean a carpet, etc. with a machine that sucks up the dirt This carpet needs hoovering. We’d better hoover up before our visitors arrive. ▶ odkurzać  SYNONYM  vacuum  

hop in/into sth; hop out (of sth) (informal) to get in or out of a car, etc. (quickly) Hop in! I’ll give you a lift to town. ▶ wskakiwać/wyskakiwać (do/z czegoś)

hop1 /hɒp/ verb [in] (hopping; hopped) 1 to jump on one leg I twisted my ankle so badly I had to hop all the way back to the car. ▶ skakać na jednej nodze 2 (used about an animal or a bird) to jump with both or all feet together ▶ skakać

hop2 /hɒp; US / noun 1 [countable] a short jump by a person on one leg or by a bird or an animal with its feet together ▶ podskok (na jednej nodze) 2 [countable] a tall climbing plant with flowers ▶ chmielina

hope1 /həʊp / verb [int, tra] hope that...; hope to do sth; hope (for sth to want sth to happen or be true I hope that you feel better soon. Hoping to hear from you soon. ‘ Is it raining?’ ‘ I hope not. I haven’t got a coat with me.’

in the hope of sth/that... because you want sth to happen I came here in the hope that we could talk privately. ▶ w nadziei na coś/że w oczekiwaniu czegoś/że

hope2 /həʊp; US / noun 1[c, un] (a) hope (of/for sth); (a) hope of doing sth; (a) hope that... the feeling of wanting sth to happen and thinking that it will What hope is there for the future? There is no hope of finding anybody else alive.

hopeful /ˈhəʊpfl/ adj. 1 hopeful (about sth); hopeful that... believing that sth that you want will happen He’s very hopeful about the success of the business. The ministers seem hopeful that an agreement will be reached. ▶ pełen nadziei

hopefully /ˈhəʊpfəli; US / adv. 1 (informal) (used to say what you hope will happen) Hopefully, we’ll be finished by 6 o’clock. ▶ mam/y nadzieję, że jak dobrze pójdzie, to

hopeless /ˈhəʊpləs; US / adj. 1 giving no hope that sth/sb will be successful or get better Most of the students are making progress, but Michael is a hopeless case. It’s hopeless. There is nothing we can do. ▶ beznadziejny

hopelessly /; US / adv. They were hopelessly lost. ▶ beznadziejnie rozpaczliwie —hopelessness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ beznadziejność

horde /hɔ: d; US / noun [countable] a very large number of people There were hordes of people shopping in town on Saturday. ▶ horda tłuszcza tłum

horizon /həˈraɪzn / noun 1 [sing.] the line where the earth and sky appear to meet The ship appeared on/disappeared over the horizon. ▶ horyzont

horizontal /ˌhɒrɪˈzɒntl; US -rəˈz-; / adj. going from side to side, not up and down; flat or level The gymnasts were exercising on the horizontal bars. ▶ poziomy ⇨ look at vertical, perpendicular □ horizontally /-təli; US / adv. ▶ poziomo

hormone /ˈhɔ: məʊn; US / noun [countable] a substance in your body that influences how you grow and develop ▶ hormon

horn /hɔ: n; US / noun [countable] 1 one of the hard pointed things that some animals have on their heads ▶ róg 2 one of the family of metal musical instruments that you play by blowing into them the French horn ▶ róg

hornet /ˈhɔ: nət; US / noun [countable] a large wasp that can give you a painful sting ▶ szerszeń

horoscope /ˈhɒrəskəʊp/ noun [c] (also stars [pl.]) a statement about what is going to happen to a person in the future, based on the position of the stars and planets when they were born What does my horoscope for next week say? ▶ horoskop

horrendous /hɒˈrendəs; US; / adj. (informal) very bad or unpleasant The queues were absolutely horrendous. ▶ straszliwy horrendalny □ horrendously /; US / adv. ▶ straszliwie horrendalnie

horrible /ˈhɒrəbl / adj. 1 (informal) bad or unpleasant It was horrible sitting there all on my own This coffee tastes horrible! Don’t be so horrible! I’ve got a horrible feeling that I’ve forgotten something. ▶ straszny paskudny okropny

horrific /həˈrɪfɪk; US / adj. 1 extremely bad and shocking or frightening a horrific murder/accident/attack ▶ przerażający straszny

horrify /ˈhɒrɪfaɪ; US; / verb [transitive] (horrifying; horrifies; past tense, past participle horrified) to make sb feel extremely shocked, disgusted or frightened I was horrified by the conditions they were living in. ▶ przerażać

horror /ˈhɒrə(r); US; / noun 1 [uncountable, sing.] a feeling of great fear or shock They watched in horror as the building collapsed. She has a horror of rats. ▶ przerażenie wstręt

hors d’oeuvre /ˌɔ: ˈdɜ: v; US / noun [countable] (pl. hors d’oeuvres /ˌɔ: ˈdɜ: v; US /) a small amount of food, usually cold, usually served before the main part of a meal ▶ przystawka przekąska

A male horse is a stallion, a female horse is a mare and a young horse is a foal. A horse neighs.

horse /hɔ: s; US / noun ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1 [countable] a large animal that is used for riding on or for pulling or carrying heavy loads a horse and cart horse riding jazda konna ▶ koń

ˌhorse ˈchestnut noun [countable] 1 a large tall tree with pink or white flowers, and nuts that grow inside cases that are covered with sharp points ▶ kasztanowiec zwyczajny

horseman /ˈhɔ: smən; US / noun [countable] (pl. -men /-mən; US /) a man who rides a horse well an experienced horseman ▶ jeździec kawalerzysta

horsepower /ˈhɔ: spaʊə(r); US / noun [countable] (pl. horsepower) (abbr. h.p.) a measure of the power of an engine a ten horsepower engine ▶ koń mechaniczny

ˈhorse racing (also racing) noun [uncountable] the sport in which a jockey rides a horse in a race to win money ▶ wyścigi konne Horse racing takes place at a racecourse. People often bet on the results of horse races.

horseradish /ˈhɔ: srædɪʃ; US / noun [uncountable] a plant with a hot-tasting root which is used for making a cold sauce ▶ chrzan