Unit 10 plmqaz

neat

tidy and in order; carefully done or arranged Your house is always so neat, how do you manage it with three children?

cramped

not having enough space (or time). We have six desks in this room, so we're rather cramped (for space. I have a very cramped schedule.

dingy

dark and dirty, a dingy room/hotel, dingy curtains/clothes

cluttered

covered with, or full of, a lot of things or people, in a way that is untidy. The kids always clutter the hall (up) with school bags and coats and stuff.

dimly

not very brightly or clearly. The room was dimly lit.

lit

past tense, past participle of light. I like reading in this room, because it is brightly lit.

sparse

only present in small amounts or numbers and often spread over a large area a sparsely furnished room

solidly

in a firm and strong way. a large, solidly-built house

convenient

near to a particular place; easy to get to; The hotel is conveniently situated close to the beach.

outskirts

the parts of a town or city that are furthest from the centre. They live on the outskirts of Milan.

stairwell -

the space in a building in which the stairs are built. He propped the dead nanny in a stairwell.

mood swing

when your mood is always changing as in one moment you are happy and the next your sad and its constantly like that.

open-ended

an open-ended activity or situation does not have atplanned ending, so it may develop in several ways. We are not willing to enter into open-ended discussions.

the lion's share

the largest part or most of something. Reputable charities spend the lion's share of donations on aid and a tiny fraction on administration.

house-proud (adj)

spending a lot of time making your house look clean and attractive, and thinking that this is important

shy away from sth

to avoid something that you dislike, fear, or do not feel confident about. I've never shied away from hard work.

to point sth out

to tell someone about some information, often because you believe they do not know it or have forgotten it. He was planning to book a rock-climbing holiday, till I pointed out that Denis is afraid of heights.

strenuous

needing or using a lot of physical or mental effort or energy. He rarely does anything more strenuous than changing the channels on the television.

clutter

(a lot of objects in) a state of being untidy. My desk is covered in/full of clutter

to meet someone’s icy stare

unfriendly; cold, like ice. Her eyes met his icy stare.

to roll out

to introduce, disclose They rolled out the new washing machine with great fanfare.

a weed

a wild plant growing where it is not wanted

to chock

to fit with or secure by a chock The plane's wheels were chocked and chained down.

a sea of mud

a lot of;

the fringe —

when there are trees surrounding a particular place Trees fringed the lawn.

thunder past

to move past someone or something, rumbling The train thundered past the sleeping town.

Tower above

to stand or be much taller than someone or something. (Often used in exaggeration.) The new building towered above all the others in town.

Overlook

you can see the place clearly from the building or window. The chateau overlooks fields of corn and olive trees.

the road hugs the coast

occupy a territory head off- to intercept and force to change direction

to stretch along

lengthen out The hotels stretch along gambia's 40 mile seafront in or near the resort areas of kotu, kololi and cape point.

rising tide of sth

the period during which something is at its highest or fullest point There is mounting anxiety about the rising tide of crime in our town.

deafening

(of a noise) so loud as to make it impossible to hear anything else ... the deafening roar of fighter jets taking off.

stream of cars

a steady flow or succession eyesore- a thing that is very ugly, especially a building

patchwork

a thing composed of many different elements so as to appear variegated A patchwork of stone walls and green fields.

plumbing

the system of pipes, etc. that supply water to a building. The builders are putting in the plumbing and electrics.

slick

smooth and difficult to hold or move on The roads were slick with rain.

to roll out

to make something flat by pushing something over it Roll out the pastry.

prosperous

rich and successful Farmers are more prosperous in the south of the country.

neat

tidy and in order; carefully done or arranged She was wearing a neat black suit.

brick

baked clay used for building walls, houses and other buildings; an individual block of this The school is built of brick.

shabby

in poor condition because they have been used a lot The outside of the house was beginning to look shabby.

ditch

a long channel dug at the side of a field or road, to hold or take away water The car left the road and ended up in a ditch.

to choke

to block or fill a passage, space, etc. so that movement is difficult The pond was choked with rotten leaves.

a weed The yard was overgrown with weeds.

-a wild plant growing where it is not wanted, especially among crops or garden plants

trickle

-to flow, or to make something flow, slowly in a thin stream Tears were trickling down her cheeks.

cylinder

an object shaped like a cylinder, especially one used as a container The gases are stored in cylinders.

calor gas

a type of gas stored as a liquid under pressure in metal containers and used for heating and cooking in places where there is no gas supply

to be on the move

to travel We're going to be on the move all next week, but we'll call you when we get to Edinburgh.

obscurity

the state of being dark; the state of not being known to many people He rose from relative obscurity to worldwide recognition.

lavatory

a toilet, or a room with a toilet in it There's a bathroom and a lavatory upstairs.

nursing home

a small private hospital, especially one where old people live and are cared for Eventually she had to give up her house and go into a nursing home.

belated

coming later than expected They did make a belated attempt to reduce the noise.

to humble

showing you do not think that you are as important as other people Be humble enough to learn from your mistakes.

dwelling

a house, flat/apartment, etc. where a person lives The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices.

frail

physically weak and thin Mother was becoming too frail to live alone.

vulnerable

weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally Old people are particularly vulnerable to the flu.

to decline

to say politely that you will not accept something or do something We asked her to the reception, but she declined the invitation.

improvement grant

a grant for renovation of dwelling They didn't realize they were entitled to an improvement grant.

handout

an amount of money or goods given to people who need them He's forty and still living on handouts from his parents.

to slip through the net

when somebody/something slips through the net, an organization or a system fails to find them and deal with them We tried to contact all former students, but one or two slipped through the net.

pity

a feeling of sympathy and sadness caused by the suffering and troubles of others He had no pity for her.

to flee

to leave a person or place very quickly, especially because you are afraid of possible danger She burst into tears and fled.

a succession

a number of people or things that follow each other in time or order He's been hit by a succession of injuries since he joined the team.

to speak out of turn

to say something when you should not, for example because it is not the right time or you are not the right person to say it I'm sorry if I've spoken out of turn, but I thought everyone had already been told.

labourer

a person who does unskilled physical work, especially outside Whether we exchange a horse or buy something or hire a labourer - it's cheating in everything.

to take sth for granted

to believe something is true without first making sure that it is I just took it for granted that he'd always be around.

bizarre

very strange or unusual The story had a bizarre ending.

modest

not talking much about your own abilities or possessions She's very modest about her success.

well

concrete hole in the ground with water in it The last well in the village dried up last summer.

beyond belief

(in a way that is) too great, difficult, etc. to be believed Dissatisfaction with the government has grown beyond belief.

to rectify

to put right something that is wrong We must take steps to rectify the situation.

to stub out

to stop a cigarette, etc. from burning by pressing the end against something hard He stubbed out his cigarette in the ashtray.

ambivalent

having or showing both good and bad feelings about somebody/something She seems to feel ambivalent about her new job.

to loom

to appear as a large shape that is not clear, especially in a frightening or threatening way A dark shape loomed up ahead of us.

to spoil

to give a child everything that they ask for and not enough discipline in a way that has a bad effect on their character and behaviour She spoils those kids of hers.

slippers

a loose soft shoe that you wear in the house Jenny put on a pair of slippers.

spanking new

very new He's just moved into his spanking new home.

estate

an area of land with a lot of houses or factories of the same type on it She lives in a tower block on an estate in London.

fringe

the outer edge of something There are factories on the northern fringe of the city.

prospect

a wide view of an area of land, etc. From the hill we had an excellent prospect of the river valley below.

to erode

to rub or be rubbed away gradually Wind and rain have eroded the statues into shapeless lumps of stone. The cliffs are eroding several feet a year. b) to slowly reduce or destroy something: His behaviour over the last few months has eroded my confidence in his judgment.

kinship

the relationship between members of the same family: Different ethnic groups have different systems of kinship. b) a feeling of being close or similar to other people or things: He felt a real sense of kinship with his fellow soldiers.

e-commerce

the business of buying and selling goods and services on the internet

side-on-from or on the side:

- The bus hit the car side-on a side-on collision

roughly

approximately: There has been an increase of roughly 2.25 million. Roughly speaking, it's 2.25 million. We have roughly similar tastes/roughly the same tastes. b) without taking a lot of care to make something perfect: Roughly chop the tomatoes. c) in a violent or angry way: He pushed the children roughly to one side. "And what's going on here?" he said roughly.

virtually That wine stain on my shirt has virtually disappeared. b) in a way that uses a computer to do or see something instead of someone going to a place or talking to a person: Nowadays all these things can be experienced virtually.

-almost: - Their twins are virtually identical.

joint

a place in your body where two bones are connected: an elbow/hip/knee joint As you become older, your joints get stiffer. b) a place where two things are fixed together: Damp has penetrated the joints in the wood panelling. c) a piece of meat for cooking, usually containing a bone: Fry four chicken joints in a pan with some mushrooms and garlic. d) a bar or restaurant that serves cheap food and drink: We had lunch at a hamburger joint and then went to see a movie.

breakaway

an act of separating from a group, especially because of disagreement: The sports association accepted the inevitability of a breakaway by the elite clubs. The breakaway group formed a new political party

Affected

artificial and not sincere an affected manner/style of writing

to prevent

to stop something from happening or someone from doing something [+ -ing verb] His disability prevents him (from) driving

legal action

the act of using the legal system to settle a disagreement, etc to take/begin legal action against somebody

sympathy

1. support and agreement I must confess I have some sympathy with his views. 2. (an expression of) understanding and care for someone else's suffering I don't have much sympathy for her - I think she's brought her troubles on herself.

Din

a loud unpleasant confused noise which lasts for a long time the din of the traffic

racket

1. informal an unpleasant loud continuous noise They were making such a racket outside that I couldn't get to sleep. 2. informal a dishonest or illegal activity that makes money They were jailed for running a protection/prostitution racket. 3. disapproving a way of making a large unfair profit Telephone chat lines are a real racket.

to blare

-to make an unpleasantly loud noise The radio was blaring (out) martial music.

blare noun

the blare of trumpets

squeaky

making a short, high sound; squeaking a high squeaky voice

high-pitched

a voice that is high-pitched is higher than usual. OPPOSITE: low-pitched a high-pitched voice/whistle 2. describes a noise that is high and sometimes also loud or unpleasant the high-pitched scream of the fire alarm

deep

(of a sound) low a wonderfully deep voice Nouns: deep, depth Adjectives: deep, deepening Verbs: deepen Adverbs: deeply

to boom

to make a very deep and loud hollow sound The cannons boomed (out) in the night. Adjective: booming

hushed

1.(of a place) quiet because nobody is talking; much quieter than usual A hushed courtroom listened as the boy gave evidence. 2.[usually before noun](of voices) speaking very quietly a hushed whisper

muffled

not heard clearly because something is in the way that stops the sound from travelling easily muffled voices from the next room

incessant

never stopping (synonym: constant) incessant noise/rain Adverb: to talk incessantly

to growl

to make a low rough sound, usually in anger The dog growled at her and snapped at her ankles. Noun: The dog eyed me suspiciously and gave a low growl.

to roar

1. to make a long, loud, deep sound We could hear the lions roaring at the other end of the zoo. 2. If a vehicle or aircraft roars somewhere, it moves there very quickly making a lot of noise She looked up as a plane roared overhead. 3. to shout loudly [+ speech] "Stop that!" he roared.

to whine

1. to make a long, high, sad sound Leon's dog was sitting by the door whining, so I thought I'd better take it for a walk. 2. disapproving If you whine, especially as a child, you complain or express disappointment or unhappiness repeatedly Alice, if you carry on whining like that I won't take you - do you understand!

whine

an unpleasant high sound or voice the whine of a circular saw

to fade away

to slowly disappear, lose importance or become weaker The voices became louder and closer and then faded away again.

to go off

If a warning device goes off, it starts to ring loudly or make a loud noise The alarm should go off automatically as soon as smoke is detected.

to slam

to (cause to) move against a hard surface with force and usually a loud noise The wind made the door/window slam (shut).

to rustle

If things such as paper or leaves rustle, or if you rustle them, they move about and make a soft, dry sound The leaves rustled in the breeze.

to creak

when a door or floorboard, etc. creaks, it makes a long low sound when it moves or is moved The door creaked on its hinges.

Hoot

1. a short loud high sound She gave three short hoots on the car horn. 2. the sound an owl makes

tinkle

a light ringing sound In the distance we heard the silvery tinkle of a stream. Verb: Some small old-fashioned shops still have a bell which tinkles when you push the door open.

to chime

(of bells) to make a clear ringing sound In the square the church bells chimed.

Rowdy

noisy and possibly violent a rowdy party rowdy behaviour Adverb: rowdily Noun: rowdiness

rowdyism

disgraceful rowdyism in the House of Commons

piercing

1. going through or into something Troops have been issued with new armour- piercing anti-tank grenades. 2. describes a sound that is high, loud and unpleasant piercing screams

groan

1. a deep long sound showing great pain or unhappiness We could hear the groans of the wounded soldiers. 2. a complaining noise or phrase He looked at the piles of dirty dishes and gave a groan of dismay.

shriek

a short, loud, high cry, especially one produced suddenly as an expression of a powerful emotion shrieks of delight He suddenly let out a piercing shriek.

Deafening

extremely loud The music was deafening.

cheer

a loud shout of approval or encouragement Her speech was received with cheers and a standing ovation.

I don't see the point of...

nie widzę sensu w...

to point out

zaznaczyć, zauważyć, zwrócić uwage

sth is complete with sth

coś jest kompletne, uzupełnione w coś

to complete the form

uzupełnić formularz

to have right to sth

mieć prawo do czegoś

right behind you

zaraz za tobą

bound for somewhere

podążający gdzieś

to be bound to be late

być skłonnym do spóźniania się

show up

przyjść, pokazać się

make of camera

model aparatu

amenities

- udogodnienia

reception room

salon

set sth apart from sth

odróżniać coś od czegoś

overlooking

z widokiem na

property comprises

posiadłość zawiera, obejmuje

transport links to

połączenie do

owl hooting

pohukiwanie sowy

monotonously

monotonnie

squeaking mouse

piszcząca mysz

honey bee buzzing

bzyczenie pszczoły

dog's whining

jęczenie psa

stomach rumbled

burczenie w brzuchu

leaves rustle

szelest liści

banging a drum

uderzać w bębenki

music blaring out

muzyka rozchodziła się głośno

creaking floorboards

skrzypienie deski podłogowej

raise sb's voice to sb

podnieść na kogoś głos

fade away

zamilknąć, wyblec

muffled voices

stłumione dźwięki

utter sound

wydawać dźwięk

hoarse voice

zachrypły dźwięk

rowdy party

hałaśliwa impreza

softly lit

delikatnie oświetlony

spick and span

czyściutki, wypucowany

poorly built

słabo, biednie wybudowany

cramped conditions

ciasnota

ideally situated

idealnie usytułowany

conservatories

ocieplarnie

commonplace

powszechny, pospolity

with ease

z łatwością

combination oven

piekarnik elektryczny lub gazowy połączony z mikrofalówką

upper-crust

śmietanka towarzyska

backward step

krok w tył

frank discussion

szczera rozmowa

easy affordable

łatwo dostępny

make up for sth

nadrobić, zrekompensować coś

obliged to keep quiet

zobowiązany zachować milczenie

disapprove of

nie pochwalać

communal living

wspólne mieszkanie

to establish sb's own private nest

zakładać swoje własne prywatne gniazdko

uninterested in

niezaiteresowany czymś

pick up on sb

wykorzystywać kogoś

ultimately led to greater tension

ostatecznie doprowadzony do większego napięcia

harmonious

harmonijny

compatible

zgodny, kompatybilny

meeting halfway

spotkanie w połowie drogi

keep an eye out for sth

trzymać czaty nad czymś, mieć oczy otwarte

appear rude by...

zachować się niegrzecznie przez...

adamant

twardy, stanowczy

unusable

bezużyteczna

go back to the way they were

wrócić do tego jak było

in close proximity

w bliskim sąsiedztwie

no real disputes

żadnych poważnych kłótni

pull your weight around the flat

przykładać się do pracy w domu

pitch in

zabrać się energicznie do pracy

sth comes first

coś ma pierwszeństwo

when it comes to sth...

jeśli chodzi o coś...

come to a head

stanąć na ostrzu noża

come and go

przychodzić i wychodzić