Unit 12 When...? and How long...? For and since

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začněte se učit

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otázka		odpověď
When ...? (+past simple) začněte se učit		How long...? (+present perfect)
When did it starting raining? začněte se učit		It started raining an hour ago/at 1 o’clock.
How long has it been raining? začněte se učit		It’s been raining for an hour/since 1 o’clock.
When did Joe and Carol first meet? začněte se učit		They first met a long time ago/when they were at school.
How long have Joe and Carol known each other? začněte se učit		They’ve known each other for a long time/since they were at school.
We use both for and since to say how long something has been happening. začněte se učit		We use for when we say a period of time (two hours, six weeks etc.) We use since when we say the start of a period (8 o’clock, Monday, 1985 etc.)
For začněte se učit		two hours, 20 minutes, five days, six months, a week, 50 years, a long time, ages
Since začněte se učit		8 o’clock, Monday, 12 May, April, 1977, Christmas, lunchtime, they were at school
Sally’s been working here for six months. začněte se učit		Sally’s been working here since April.
I haven’t seen Tom for three days. začněte se učit		I haven’t seen Tom since Monday.
It is possible to leave out for (but not usually in negative sentences). začněte se učit		They’ve been married (for) ten years. (with or without for). They haven’t had a holiday for ten years (you must use for).
We do not use for + all (all day/all my life etc.) začněte se učit		I’ve lived here all my life. (not ‘for all my life’)
We say ‘It’s (a long time/two years etc.) since something happened začněte se učit		It’s two years since I last saw Joe. (= I haven’t seen Joe for two years/the last time when I saw Joe was two years ago) It’s ages since we went to the cinema. (=We haven’t been to the cinema for ages)
The question is How long is it since...? začněte se učit		How long is it since you last saw Joe? (=When did you last see Joe?) How long is it since Mrs Hill died? (=When did Mrs Hill die?)

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