Unit 7 Present perfect (I have done)

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začněte se učit

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otázka		odpověď
When we use the present perfect there is always a connection with now. začněte se učit		The action in the past has a result now.
Where’s your key? I don’t know. I’ve lost it. začněte se učit		I haven’t got it now.
He told me his name but I’ve forgotten it. začněte se učit		I can’t remember it now.
Is Sally here? No, she’s gone out. začněte se učit		She is out now.
I can’t find my bag. Have you seen it? začněte se učit		Do you know where it is now?
We often use the present perfect to give new information or to announce a recent happening. začněte se učit		Ow! I’ve cut my finger. The road is closed. There’s been an accident. (from the news) The police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery.
Just = a short time ago začněte se učit		Would you like to something to eat? No thanks, I’ve just had lunch. Hello. Have you just arrived
We use already to say that something happened sooner than expected. začněte se učit		Don’t forget to post the letter, will you? I’ve already posted it. What time is Mark leaving? He’s already gone.
Yet = until now and shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen. Use yet only in questions and negative sentences. začněte se učit		Has it stopped raining yet? I’ve written the letter but I haven’t posted it yet.
Note the difference between: začněte se učit		gone (to) and been (to).
Jim is away on holiday. He has gone to Spain. začněte se učit		=he is there now or on his way there
Jane is back home from holiday now. She has been to Italy. začněte se učit		=she has now come back from Italy.

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