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Check what you know. Complete the sentences with a(n), the or no article. začněte se učit
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Then check your answers in the article.
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In 2002, some obese U.S. teenagers filed (?) lawsuit against McDonald's, accusing (?) fast food chain of fattening them up. a problem or complaint that a person or organization brings to a court of law to be settled začněte se učit
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In 2002, some obese U.S. teenagers filed a lawsuit against McDonald's, accusing the fast food chain of fattening them up. a group of shops, hotels etc that are owned by the same person or company a chain of restaurants a supermarket chain
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In (?) America, (?) reality television's popularity has risen in the 21st century, in (?) USA there are two television channels devoted to it. začněte se učit
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In America, reality television's popularity has risen in the 21st century, in the USA there are two television channels devoted to it.
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(?) World Health Organization says up to twenty-nine percent of (?) British men and nineteen percent of (?) women smoke. začněte se učit
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The World Health Organization says up to twenty-nine percent of British men and nineteen percent of women smoke.
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Developed in (?) late 1880s, (?) modern car was initially the toy of (?) wealthy, but falling prices have made it (?) key part of family life. the wealthy people who have a lot of money or possessions začněte se učit
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Developed in the late 1880s, the modern car was initially the toy of the wealthy, but falling prices have made it a key part of family life.
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Complete the rules 1-6 in the table with a(n), the or -. začněte se učit
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Write a word or phrase from the sentences above as an example of each rule.
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RULE 1 a/an with singular countable nouns when you are not talking about a particular thing, or when you mention something for the first time. začněte se učit
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a lawsuit, a key part (not the only key/important part of family life)
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Use the with any type of noun when you and your reader/listener know wich particular thing you are talking about, for example because it is unique or it has been mentioned before. začněte se učit
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the fast food chain (mentioned before - McDonald's), The World Health Organization (unique).
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Use no article with plural and uncountable nouns to talk about things in general. začněte se učit
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British men (plural), women (plural), reality television (uncountable)
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Use no article with most place names such as continents, countries, cities. začněte se učit
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Use the in fixed phrases such as in ... 1960s, in ... beginning. In some country names. začněte se učit
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in the late 1880s, the USA.
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Use the with a singular countable noun or an adjective used as a noun for something in general. začněte se učit
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The wealthy, the modern car.
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WEAK FORMS AND LINKING: the začněte se učit
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Look at sentences 1-3. Circle the where it is pronounced /ðə/ and underline it where it is pronounced /ði/.
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The interesting thing is that many of the people who hate it are the ones who watch it. začněte se učit
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The interesting thing is that many of the people who hate it are the ones who watch it. 1- /ðə/ 2-/ði/ 1- the people; the ones 2- the interesting
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The automobile has done less well since the economic crisis. začněte se učit
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The automobile has done less well since the economic crisis. 1- /ðə/ 2-/ði/ 2- the automobile; the economic crisis
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Those who voted for the car mentioned the harm it does to the environment as the biggest problem. začněte se učit
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Those who voted for the car mentioned the harm it does to the environment as the biggest problem. 1- /ðə/ 2-/ði/ 1- the car; the harm; the biggest problem 2- the environment
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začněte se učit
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The word has three standard pronunciations, which vary by context. The definite article ‘the’ is normally pronounced /ð?/ before a consonant sound and /ði/ before a vowel sound. Neither of these is a stressed syllable. However, it also has a ‘stressed’ pronunciation used for emphasis, which is always /ði?/ no matter what sound should follow it. The vowel here is held longer than in the unstressed version.
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Listen to the pronunciation. začněte se učit
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What sound is used to link the and the following vowel?
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the interesting thing; the automobile; the economic crisis; the environment začněte se učit
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2- /ði/ the interesting thing; the automobile; the economic crisis; the environment
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Bicycle chosen as best invention začněte se učit
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Complete the text with the correct articles, a(an), the or no article.
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začněte se učit
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has won (2) UK national survey začněte se učit
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has won a UK national survey
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of (3) people's favourite inventions. začněte se učit
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of people's favourite inventions.
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Listeners to BBC Radio 4's You and Yours programme were invited to vote in (4) online poll začněte se učit
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Listeners to BBC Radio 4's You and Yours programme were invited to vote in an online poll
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looking at (5) most significant innovations since 1880. začněte se učit
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looking at the most significant innovations since 1880.
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začněte se učit
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začněte se učit
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which won more than half of (8) vote. začněte se učit
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which won more than half of the vote.
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Second came (9) radio with 8% of the vote, and the electro-magnetic induction ring - the means to harness electricity -came third. začněte se učit
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Second came the radio with 8% of the vote, and the electro-magnetic induction ring - the means to harness electricity - came third.
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Despite the fact that you can find them everywhere, (10) computers gained just 6% of the vote začněte se učit
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Despite the fact that you can find them everywhere, computers gained just 6% of the vote
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and (11) internet trailed behind with only 4% of all votes cast. There were more than 4,500 votes cast in total. začněte se učit
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and the internet trailed behind with only 4% of all votes cast.
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People chose the bicycle for its simplicity of design, universal use and because it is (12) ecologically sound means of transport. začněte se učit
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People chose the bicycle for its simplicity of design, universal use and because it is an ecologically sound means of transport.
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